Kapımızdaki Potansiyel Risk: Gyrodactylus

Abstract

With the help of the diversity of sea and inland fishery resources and high potential for production, aquaculture industry takes
an important place in Turkey and the annual production by means of hunting and farming is 646 thousand tons. 152 thousand tons
of the total production was realized by farming and with 69 thousand tons production, trout production occupies an important part
of farming. In addition to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) which is commercially produced in Turkey, there
are more trout species with production potential (Salmo trutta macrostigma Dumenil, 1855; Salmo trutta abanticus Tortonese,
1954; Salmo trutta caspius Kessler, 1877; Salmo trutta labrax Pallas, 1811; Salmo trutta lacustris L., 1758; Salmo trutta fario L.,
1758; Salmo trutta platycephalus Behnke, 1968). Fish diseases are one of the most important threats for fish farming and parasitic
diseases are of importance with their species diversity, their patogenity, high potential of propagation to different geographic
areas and hosts. Gyrodactylus species of monogenean fish parasites are the most important pathogen of marine and freshwater
fish species, especially trout. 16 of defined 409 Gyrodactylus species have been reported on Oncorhynchus mykiss; Salmo trutta
trutta; Salmo trutta lacustris and Salvelinus fontinalis in various European countries. The Gyrodactylus fauna of trout species in
Turkey is not yet known. Gyrodactylus derjavini, G. trutae, G. salmonis, G. teuchis and particularly Gyrodactylus salaris are the
most prominent pathogens of trout species of Turkey and starting from the Northern European Countries, they have been reported
on trouts in the Southern European Countries; Spain (1993), France (1996) and Italy (2009). This situation poses a great risk
for trouts present in Turkey. In this study, geographical propagation process associated with host factors of Gyrodactylus type
pathogens -which haven’t been detected in Turkish coastal and inland waters yet but approaching our borders- have been defined
and presented with visual materials.