Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Çed Uygulamaları ve Biyoçeşitliliğin Korunması

Abstract

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) reports, which take nature factor into consideration and tries to help this
continuance, became important in Turkey but also became important in the world. Strategic Environmental Assessment
(SEA) is a more advanced step than EIA and it is applied at macro-level. For plans and programs, SEA is begun to be
applied in many places on the world. In most of analyzed EIA reports, economical opportunities are more important
than biodiversity. According to this topic, one of the most important example is Cyadine Disaster, which took place in
Romania, of which EIA report is prepared 3 years after the accident. Oil and gas pipeline in Russia at Sakhalin region
is another event analyzed in term of biodiversity approach and EIA. During the project phase, according to EIA report,
to minimize the negative impacts on the Western Grey Whale some alterations have been made. In Turkey it is also
possible to see some negative and positive events about EIA. Another example is, Gold mining research activities at Kaz
Mountains, which are followed by the press, environmental organizations and local communities, is an actual example.
Biodiversity and Natural Source Management Project applied in İğneada however, earned its right success.
In this study, with analyzed EIA reports and projects, Turkey and other countries are compared in terms of EIA,
biodiversity and economics. In recent years economical development has become, unfortunately, more important
than biodiversity and this is originating point of this study. Coinciding with successful examples and increasing of
environmental consciousness are hopeful improvements in term of protecting biodiversity and natural sources. It is
predicted that biological richness, of which continuance will be provided by EIA’s which were done and will be done
in Turkey, will be possible with serious controls and dissuasive punishments. Henceforth ecological sanctions must be
more important than economic sanctions.