Cannabis sativa L.: ORIGIN, DISTRIBUTION, TAXONOMY AND BIOLOGY
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Cannabis sativa, Cannabis Taxonomy, Origin, Distribution, Morphology of CannabisAbstract
With a history dating back thousands of years, cannabis is one of the plants with the oldest relationships with people. Since ancient times, cannabis has been grown thanks to this tight connection. Cultivation studies have increased the distribution area of the plant but also caused the formation of different forms at the population level. Differences in population level caused the plant to be defined as a different species or subspecies taxon. Although cannabis has been defined as many different species and subspecies since its first description, today it is accepted as a single species. As a result of the cultivation studies, cannabis grown in different areas did not only show morphological differences but also differed in terms of phytochemical compound ratios, which led to the formation of medical and industrial cannabis definitions. The wide ecological tolerance limit has enabled cannabis to be cultivated and processed in many different regions, thus leading to multiple uses. Since hemp has been banned throughout history, it has not received the value it deserves today. Today, some nations are beginning to implement new laws in order to gain more from hemp, and the barriers to hemp production are starting to be taken down. The plant might be able to get more from this circumstance and the value it merits. Hemp has the potential to be a significant source of revenue for many nations with the correct legislation in place. Cannabis sativa is a versatile plant that goes by two common names: Industrial Cannabis sativa (also known as fiber type or hemp) and Medical Cannabis sativa (also known as marijuana type or marijuana). Herein, our goal is to review a study of the literature on its broad definition, geographic origin and distribution, taxonomic standing, and morphological characteristics.
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