TOPRAKTAKİ MİKRO VE NANOPLASTİKLERİN KAYNAKLARI VE EKOTOKSİKOLOJİK ETKİLERİ
Özet Görüntüleme: 117 / PDF İndirme: 39Özet
Plastikler insan yaşamının vazgeçilmez bir parçasıdır. Plastik üretiminin ve kullanımının artması, çevrede biriken ve potansiyel olarak daha küçük parçalara (mikro ve nano) ayrılan plastik atık miktarının artmasına neden olur. 5 mm'den küçük parçalar genellikle mikroplastik olarak tanımlanırken, 0,1 mm'den küçük parçalar nanoplastik olarak tanımlanır. Bu mikro ve nano plastikler hem sucul ve karasal ortamlarında hem de insan sağlığı açısından giderek artan ekotoksikolojik kaygılara neden olan kirletici maddedir. Büyük miktarlarda mikro ve nanoplastiklerin, plastik malçlama, çöp sahasına boşaltma ve atık su çamurunun geri dönüşümü olmak üzere çok sayıda yoldan toprağa girer. Son yıllarda yapılan az sayıda çalışma, karasal (toprak) ortamda mikro ve nanoplastik oluşumunu ve potansiyel tehlikelerini göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, karasal ortamdaki mikro ve nanoplastik boyutu ve çeşidi ve özellikle toprakta ne kadar mikro ve nanoplastiğin biriktiği, olası kaynakları, potansiyel ekolojik ve toksikolojik etkileri, bunların toprak ortamıyla etkileşimi ve hakkında daha az şey bilinmektedir. Bu derlemede, kısıtlı literatür değerlendirmesi sonucunda toprak ortamındaki mikro ve nanoplastik kirliliğinin kaynakları, oluşum ve dağılımları, ekotoksikolojik etkilerine ilişkin genel bir bakış sunmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelime: mikroplastik, nanoplastik, karasal ortam, toprak, ekotoksisite
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