Sürdürülebilir Kalkınmada Biyoçeşitliliğin Önemi

Abstract

At the end of the past century, especially in urbanization and industrialization processes, uncontrolled use and consumption of natural
resources has brought sustainable development concept as a new approach to world agenda. Based on protection and sustainable use of
natural resources, sustainable development is the process of development aimed at socio-economic development. One of the most
important components of sustainable development, which is defined as to be carried out in a way that needs for today's generations
wouldn`t be an obstacle for future generations, is biological diversity. Biodiversity, expressed the diversity of ecosystem, specie and gene
of any district, creates the essential constituent of life-support system which is necessary for the future of life on earth and humanity.
Turkey, due to having geographic regions that vary in terms of climate and soil properties, being located at the crossroads of Asia and
Europe continents and having three major phytogeographical region, has a very important place in the world, especially in terms of plant
diversity. It is known that there are over 9000 plant species in Turkey flora and about 1/3 of them are endemic. While this high level of
biodiversity that we have offers significant opportunities, on the other hand charges large responsibility to our country. In Turkey, as all
over the world, destruction of natural resources has reached dramatic proportions depending on rapid population growth, urbanization and
industrialization. Sustainable development approach has a idea that natural resources are the source of economic development. To protect
and ensure sustainable using of the biodiversity that we have, and turn this richness into economic interests, development and
implementation of sustainable development policies is required at the national level