METABOLIC CAGES CAN BE USED FOR SOCIAL ISOLATION STRESS RATHER THAN METABOLISM STUDIES WITH THEIR CURRENT FORM
Metabolik kafesler ve sosyal izolasyon stresi
Abstract views: 253 / PDF downloads: 97Keywords:
Metabolic cage, , animal welfare, , social isolation,, stressAbstract
Metabolic cages are frequently used in metabolism or pharmacological experiments for measurement of total intake of food and water as well as excretion of urine and feces in small rodents. Therefore, the grid floor and single housing are a necessity for separated collection and measurement of these samples. However, there are several reports on the unfavorable effects of metabolic cage housing on animal welfare and physiological parameters mainly due to individual housing and grid flooring. In our previous experiments, we observed that long-term housing in metabolic cages caused social isolation stress in male and female rats. We concluded that housing of a rat or mouse in a metabolic cage causes a more effective and painful social isolation stress rather than single housing in a standard cage due to the effect of grid flooring. Therefore, in the present review, it is discussed that metabolic cages in their current form may be a useful option for social isolation stress paradigm in small rodents outside of metabolism studies.
References
Sahin Z, Solak H, Koc A, Ozen Koca R, Ozkurkculer A, Cakan P, Solak Gormus ZI, Kutlu S, Kelestimur H. (2019): Long-term metabolic cage housing increases anxiety/depression-related behaviours in adult male rats. Arch Physiol Biochem, 125(2):122-127. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1441314.
Whittaker AL, Lymn KA, Howarth GS. (2016): Effects of Metabolic Cage Housing on Rat Behavior and Performance in the Social Interaction Test. J Appl Anim Welf Sci, 19:363-74. doi: 10.1080/10888705.2016.1164048.
Kurien BT, Everds NE, Scofield RH. (2004): Experimental animal urine collection: a review. Lab Anim, 38:333-61. doi: 10.1258/0023677041958945.
Heidbreder CA, Weiss IC, Domeney AM, et al. (2000): Behavioral, neurochemical and endocrinological characterization of the early social isolation syndrome. Neuroscience, 100:749-68. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00336-5.
Krohn TC, Hansen AK, Dragsted N. (2003): Telemetry as a method for measuring the impact of housing conditions on rat´s welfare. Anim Welfare, 12:53-62.
Deacon RM. (2006): Housing, husbandry and handling of rodents for behavioral experiments. Nat Protoc, 1:936-46. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2006.120.
Sorensen DB, Mortensen K, Bertelsen T, Vognbjerg K. (2008): Enriching the metabolic cage: effects on rat physiology and behavior. Anim Welfare, 17:395-403.
Jørgensen A. (2013): Oxidatively generated DNA/RNA damage in psychological stress states. Dan Med J, 60:B4685.
Ollson IAS, Westlund K. (2007): More than numbers matter: The effect of social factors on behaviour and welfare of laboratory rodents and non-human primates. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 103:229–254. doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.05.022.
Zymantiene J, Zelvyte R, Oberauskas V, Spancerniene U. (2016): Influence of Metabolic Cage on Wistar Rat Physiological State. Mac Vet Rev, 39:33-38. doi.org/10.1515/macvetrev-2015-0062
Pinelli CJ, Leri F, Turner PV. (2017): Long Term Physiologic and Behavioural Effects of Housing Density and Environmental Resource Provision for Adult Male and Female Sprague Dawley Rats. Animals (Basel), 7:pii: E44. doi: 10.3390/ani7060044.
Gil MC, Aguirre JA, Lemoine AP, Segura ET, Barontini M, Armando I. (1999): Influence of age on stress responses to metabolic cage housing in rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 19:625-33. doi: 10.1023/a:1006984402291.
Eriksson E, Royo F, Lyberg K, Carlsson HE, Hau J. (2004): Effect of metabolic cage housing on immunoglobulin A and corticosterone excretion in faeces and urine of young male rats. Exp Physiol, 89:427-33. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2004.027656.
Directive 2010/63 EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. Official Journal of the European Communities, L276, 33–79.
Animal Research Review Panel (2007): Guideline 20. Guidelines for the Housing of Rats in Scientific Institutions. Orange NSW, Australia, 1-74.
Tuli JS, Smith JA, Morton DB. (1995): Stress Measurements in Mice After Transportation. Lab Anim, 29:132–138. doi: 10.1258/002367795780740249.
Hunt C, Hambly C. (2006): Faecal corticosterone concentrations indicate that separately housed male mice are not more stressed than group housed males. Physiol Behav, 87:519–526. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.11.013.
Kalliokoski O, Jacobsen KR, Darusman HS, et al. (2013): Mice do not habituate to metabolism cage housing-a three week study of male BALB/c mice. PLoS One, 8(3):e58460. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058460.
Mizisin AP, Kalichman MW, Garrett RS, Dines KC. (1998): Tactile hyperesthesia, altered epidermal innervation and plantar nerve injury in the hindfeet of rats housed on wire grates. Brain Res, 788(1-2):13-9. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01474-1.
Hoppe CC, Moritz KM, Fitzgerald SM, Bertram JF, Evans RG. (2009): Transient hypertension and sustained tachycardia in mice housed individually in metabolism cages. Physiol Res, 58(1):69-75. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.931390.
Şahin Z, Koç A, Özen Koca R, Solak H, Özkürkçüler A, Solak Görmüş Zİ, Kutlu S. (2017): Evaluation of Effects of Three Distinct Stress Protocols on Depression and/or Anxiety-like Behaviors in Female Rats. Acta Physiol, 221(S714):76-77.
Bair JM, Wu J, Damush TM, Sutherland JM, Kroenke K. (2008): Association of depression and anxiety alone and in combination with chronic musculoskeletal pain in primary care patients. Psychosom Med, 70(8):890-897. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e318185c510.
George SZ, Coronado RA, Beneciuk JM, Valencia C, Werneke MW, Hart DL. (2011): Depressive symptoms, anatomical region, and clinical outcomes for patients seeking outpatient physical therapy for musculoskeletal Pain. Phys Ther, 91:358-372. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100192.
Poleshuck EL, Bair MJ, Kroenke K, et al. (2009): Psychosocial stress and anxiety in musculoskeletal pain patients with and without depression. Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 31:116-122. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2008.10.003.
McWilliams LA, Cox BJ, Enns MW. (2003): Mood and anxiety disorders associated with chronic pain: an examination in a nationally representative sample. Pain;106:127-133. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3959(03)00301-4.
Shivarathre DG, Howard N, Krishna S, Cowan C, Platt SR. (2014): Psychological factors and personality traits associated with patients in chronic foot and ankle pain. Foot Ankle Int, 2014;35(11):1103-1107. doi: 10.1177/1071100714550648.
Cotchett M, Munteanu SE, Landorf KB. (2016): Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in People With and Without Plantar Heel Pain. Foot Ankle Int, 2016;37(8):816-21. doi: 10.1177/1071100716646630.
Brunner LJ, Dipiro JT, Feldman S. (1994): Metabolic cage isolation reduces antipyrine clearance in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol, 1994;46(7):581-4. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1994.tb03861.x.
National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. (2011): 8th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press,1-220.
Teske JA, Perez-Leighton CE, Noble EE, Wang C, Billington CJ, Kotz CM. (2016): Effect of Housing Types on Growth, Feeding, Physical Activity, and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats. Front Nutr ,3:4. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2016.000
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
