The Effects of Exogenous Gibberellin on Seed Germination of the Fruit Species

Abstract

Gibberellins are diterpenoid, plant growth hormones and regulators, able to control some important processes in plant growing and
breeding; including stem elongation, flowering initiation, increasing fruit set and size, improving fruit shapes, induction of seedlessness,
retardation or acceleration of senescence, breaking seed dormancy, in increasing crop metabolic contents, activation preferred gender organs
in flowers, pollen development and germination. Some of the chemical substances occur endogenously in some parts of plant organisms. The
chemicals are also being produced commercially and commonly used in different aims via exogenous application. One of their uses is
breaking seed dormancy and activation of seed germination of fruit species. The fruit trees are mostly propagated via grafting on rootstock
derived from seed and the known, valuable seeds sometimes can be hard to germinate themselves because of external or internal factors. In
the review study, usages and effects of the exogenous gibberellins on germination of some fruit seeds at in vitro, ex vitro and nursery
germination conditions are presented.