EVOLUTION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL GENOMES:
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Abstract views: 392 / PDF downloads: 154Keywords:
Antibiotic resistance, Genomics, Evolution, Resistance mechanisms, Multi-drug resistance (MDR)Abstract
The persistent emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations poses a formidable challenge to global healthcare systems. Understanding the mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics underlying this phenomenon is of utmost importance. This study comprehensively explores the complex interplay between genomics and evolution within the context of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. It delves into the mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics, including mutation and horizontal gene transfer, and highlights the pivotal role of natural selection and selective pressure in shaping genomic adaptations. Through the lens of genomics, we dissect case studies of specific bacterial species and strains that have evolved resistance, scrutinizing the genomic changes that underpin their survival. Long-term evolutionary trends and the genomic basis of resistance mechanisms are also examined, offering critical insights into the adaptive strategies employed by bacteria. Furthermore, the review addresses the challenges inherent in studying antibiotic resistance evolution and underscores the necessity for innovative research approaches. By bridging the domains of genomics, evolutionary biology, and disease ecology, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the ongoing battle against antibiotic-resistant pathogens and provides a foundation for future research endeavours.
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